Added focused-window shortcut fallback on Linux (#882)

app/MindWork AI Studio/Assistants/I18N/allTexts.lua

@@ -8944,6 +8944,9 @@ UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::ASSISTANTPLUGININSTALLSERVICE::T8163
 -- The generated assistant plugin is invalid. Issue: {0}
 UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::ASSISTANTPLUGININSTALLSERVICE::T939708112"] = "The generated assistant plugin is invalid. Issue: {0}"
 
+-- The voice recording shortcut currently works only while AI Studio is focused.
+UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::GLOBALSHORTCUTSERVICE::T1204510649"] = "The voice recording shortcut currently works only while AI Studio is focused."
+
 -- The global shortcut could not be registered. The previous shortcut remains active.
 UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::GLOBALSHORTCUTSERVICE::T2266307101"] = "The global shortcut could not be registered. The previous shortcut remains active."
 

app/MindWork AI Studio/Components/ConfigurationShortcut.razor.cs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public partial class ConfigurationShortcut : ConfigurationBaseCore
     private IDialogService DialogService { get; init; } = null!;
 
     [Inject]
-    private RustService RustService { get; init; } = null!;
+    private GlobalShortcutService GlobalShortcutService { get; init; } = null!;
 
     /// <summary>
     /// The shortcut binding data.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public partial class ConfigurationShortcut : ConfigurationBaseCore
     {
         // Suspend shortcut processing while the dialog is open, so the user can
         // press the current shortcut to re-enter it without triggering the action:
-        await this.RustService.SuspendShortcutProcessing();
+        await this.GlobalShortcutService.SuspendShortcutProcessing();
         
         try
         {
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public partial class ConfigurationShortcut : ConfigurationBaseCore
         finally
         {
             // Resume the shortcut processing when the dialog is closed:
-            await this.RustService.ResumeShortcutProcessing();
+            await this.GlobalShortcutService.ResumeShortcutProcessing();
         }
     }
 }

app/MindWork AI Studio/Components/VoiceRecorder.razor.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ public partial class VoiceRecorder : MSGComponentBase
     [Inject]
     private RustService RustService { get; init; } = null!;
 
+    [Inject]
+    private GlobalShortcutService GlobalShortcutService { get; init; } = null!;
+
     [Inject]
     private ISnackbar Snackbar { get; init; } = null!;
 
@@ -35,6 +38,8 @@ public partial class VoiceRecorder : MSGComponentBase
 
     protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
     {
+        this.GlobalShortcutService.RuntimeStateChanged += this.OnShortcutRuntimeStateChanged;
+
         // Register for global shortcut events:
         this.ApplyFilters([], [Event.TAURI_EVENT_RECEIVED, Event.VOICE_RECORDING_AVAILABILITY_CHANGED]);
 
@@ -43,8 +48,15 @@ public partial class VoiceRecorder : MSGComponentBase
 
     protected override async Task OnAfterRenderAsync(bool firstRender)
     {
-        if (firstRender && this.ShouldRenderVoiceRecording)
-            await this.EnsureSoundEffectsAvailableAsync("during the first interactive render");
+        if (firstRender)
+        {
+            this.localShortcutDotNetReference = DotNetObjectReference.Create(this);
+            this.localShortcutInteropReady = true;
+            await this.ApplyLocalShortcutState(this.GlobalShortcutService.GetRuntimeState(Shortcut.VOICE_RECORDING_TOGGLE));
+
+            if (this.ShouldRenderVoiceRecording)
+                await this.EnsureSoundEffectsAvailableAsync("during the first interactive render");
+        }
 
         await base.OnAfterRenderAsync(firstRender);
     }
@@ -69,6 +81,36 @@ public partial class VoiceRecorder : MSGComponentBase
         }
     }
 
+    private async Task OnShortcutRuntimeStateChanged(GlobalShortcutRuntimeState runtimeState)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            await this.InvokeAsync(() => this.ApplyLocalShortcutState(runtimeState));
+        }
+        catch (ObjectDisposedException)
+        {
+            this.Logger.LogDebug("Ignoring a shortcut state change after the voice recorder was disposed.");
+        }
+        catch (InvalidOperationException ex)
+        {
+            this.Logger.LogDebug(ex, "The focused-window shortcut listener could not be updated because the component dispatcher is unavailable.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    [JSInvokable]
+    public async Task OnLocalShortcutPressed()
+    {
+        var runtimeState = this.GlobalShortcutService.GetRuntimeState(Shortcut.VOICE_RECORDING_TOGGLE);
+        if (runtimeState.Backend is not ShortcutBackend.LOCAL || runtimeState.IsSuspended)
+        {
+            this.Logger.LogDebug("Ignoring a stale focused-window shortcut event.");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        this.Logger.LogInformation("Focused-window shortcut triggered for voice recording toggle.");
+        await this.ToggleRecordingFromShortcut();
+    }
+
     /// <summary>
     /// Toggles the recording state when triggered by a global shortcut.
     /// </summary>
@@ -101,6 +143,48 @@ public partial class VoiceRecorder : MSGComponentBase
     private string? currentRecordingPath;
     private string? finalRecordingPath;
     private DotNetObjectReference<VoiceRecorder>? dotNetReference;
+    private DotNetObjectReference<VoiceRecorder>? localShortcutDotNetReference;
+    private bool localShortcutInteropReady;
+
+    private async Task ApplyLocalShortcutState(GlobalShortcutRuntimeState runtimeState)
+    {
+        if (!this.localShortcutInteropReady
+            || this.localShortcutDotNetReference is null
+            || runtimeState.ShortcutId is not Shortcut.VOICE_RECORDING_TOGGLE)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try
+        {
+            if (runtimeState.Backend is ShortcutBackend.LOCAL
+                && !runtimeState.IsSuspended
+                && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(runtimeState.Shortcut))
+            {
+                await this.JsRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync(
+                    "localShortcut.register",
+                    "voice-recording-toggle",
+                    runtimeState.Shortcut,
+                    this.localShortcutDotNetReference);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                await this.JsRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("localShortcut.unregister", "voice-recording-toggle");
+            }
+        }
+        catch (JSDisconnectedException)
+        {
+            this.Logger.LogDebug("The focused-window shortcut listener could not be updated because the JS runtime disconnected.");
+        }
+        catch (OperationCanceledException)
+        {
+            this.Logger.LogDebug("Updating the focused-window shortcut listener was canceled.");
+        }
+        catch (JSException ex)
+        {
+            this.Logger.LogWarning(ex, "Failed to update the focused-window shortcut listener.");
+        }
+    }
 
     private bool ShouldRenderVoiceRecording => PreviewFeatures.PRE_SPEECH_TO_TEXT_2026.IsEnabled(this.SettingsManager)
                                                && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.SettingsManager.ConfigurationData.App.UseTranscriptionProvider);
@@ -482,6 +566,15 @@ public partial class VoiceRecorder : MSGComponentBase
 
     protected override void DisposeResources()
     {
+        this.GlobalShortcutService.RuntimeStateChanged -= this.OnShortcutRuntimeStateChanged;
+
+        if (this.localShortcutInteropReady)
+            _ = this.JsRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("localShortcut.unregister", "voice-recording-toggle");
+
+        this.localShortcutDotNetReference?.Dispose();
+        this.localShortcutDotNetReference = null;
+        this.localShortcutInteropReady = false;
+
         // Clean up recording resources if still active:
         if (this.currentRecordingStream is not null)
         {

app/MindWork AI Studio/Plugins/languages/de-de-43065dbc-78d0-45b7-92be-f14c2926e2dc/plugin.lua

@@ -8946,6 +8946,9 @@ UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::ASSISTANTPLUGININSTALLSERVICE::T8163
 -- The generated assistant plugin is invalid. Issue: {0}
 UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::ASSISTANTPLUGININSTALLSERVICE::T939708112"] = "Das generierte Assistenten-Plugin ist ungültig. Problem: {0}"
 
+-- The voice recording shortcut currently works only while AI Studio is focused.
+UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::GLOBALSHORTCUTSERVICE::T1204510649"] = "Die Tastenkombination für Sprachaufnahmen funktioniert derzeit nur, wenn AI Studio im Vordergrund aktiv ist."
+
 -- The global shortcut could not be registered. The previous shortcut remains active.
 UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::GLOBALSHORTCUTSERVICE::T2266307101"] = "Die globale Tastenkombination konnte nicht registriert werden. Die vorherige Tastenkombination bleibt aktiv."
 

app/MindWork AI Studio/Plugins/languages/en-us-97dfb1ba-50c4-4440-8dfa-6575daf543c8/plugin.lua

@@ -8946,6 +8946,9 @@ UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::ASSISTANTPLUGININSTALLSERVICE::T8163
 -- The generated assistant plugin is invalid. Issue: {0}
 UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::ASSISTANTPLUGININSTALLSERVICE::T939708112"] = "The generated assistant plugin is invalid. Issue: {0}"
 
+-- The voice recording shortcut currently works only while AI Studio is focused.
+UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::GLOBALSHORTCUTSERVICE::T1204510649"] = "The voice recording shortcut currently works only while AI Studio is focused."
+
 -- The global shortcut could not be registered. The previous shortcut remains active.
 UI_TEXT_CONTENT["AISTUDIO::TOOLS::SERVICES::GLOBALSHORTCUTSERVICE::T2266307101"] = "The global shortcut could not be registered. The previous shortcut remains active."
 

app/MindWork AI Studio/Program.cs

@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ internal sealed class Program
         builder.Services.AddSingleton<AIJobService>();
         builder.Services.AddSingleton<AssistantSessionService>();
         builder.Services.AddSingleton<VoiceRecordingAvailabilityService>();
+        builder.Services.AddSingleton<GlobalShortcutService>();
         builder.Services.AddSingleton<MediaTranscriptionService>();
         builder.Services.AddSingleton<AssistantPluginInstallService>();
         builder.Services.AddSingleton<UpdatePolicy>();
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ internal sealed class Program
         builder.Services.AddHostedService<TranscriptStagingCleanupService>();
         builder.Services.AddHostedService<EnterpriseEnvironmentService>();
         builder.Services.AddSingleton<DatabaseClientProvider>();
-        builder.Services.AddHostedService<GlobalShortcutService>();
+        builder.Services.AddHostedService<GlobalShortcutService>(serviceProvider => serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<GlobalShortcutService>());
         builder.Services.AddHostedService<RustAvailabilityMonitorService>();
         
         // ReSharper disable AccessToDisposedClosure

app/MindWork AI Studio/Tools/Rust/ShortcutBackend.cs

@@ -8,4 +8,5 @@ public enum ShortcutBackend
     NONE,
     PORTAL,
     TAURI,
+    LOCAL,
 }

app/MindWork AI Studio/Tools/Services/GlobalShortcutService.cs

@@ -20,13 +20,19 @@ public sealed class GlobalShortcutService : BackgroundService, IMessageBusReceiv
     }
 
     private readonly SemaphoreSlim registrationSemaphore = new(1, 1);
+    private readonly object runtimeStateLock = new();
     private readonly Dictionary<Shortcut, ShortcutState> lastSentStates = [];
     private readonly Dictionary<Shortcut, string> lastNonEmptyShortcuts = [];
+    private readonly Dictionary<Shortcut, ShortcutRuntimeBinding> runtimeBindings = [];
     private readonly ILogger<GlobalShortcutService> logger;
     private readonly SettingsManager settingsManager;
     private readonly MessageBus messageBus;
     private readonly RustService rustService;
     private readonly VoiceRecordingAvailabilityService voiceRecordingAvailabilityService;
+    private bool isProcessingSuspended;
+    private bool localFallbackWarningShown;
+
+    public event Func<GlobalShortcutRuntimeState, Task>? RuntimeStateChanged;
 
     public GlobalShortcutService(
         ILogger<GlobalShortcutService> logger,
@@ -58,6 +64,45 @@ public sealed class GlobalShortcutService : BackgroundService, IMessageBusReceiv
         await base.StopAsync(cancellationToken);
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns the active backend and processing state for a shortcut.
+    /// </summary>
+    public GlobalShortcutRuntimeState GetRuntimeState(Shortcut shortcutId)
+    {
+        lock (this.runtimeStateLock)
+        {
+            if (this.runtimeBindings.TryGetValue(shortcutId, out var binding))
+                return new(shortcutId, binding.Shortcut, binding.Backend, this.isProcessingSuspended);
+
+            return new(shortcutId, string.Empty, ShortcutBackend.NONE, this.isProcessingSuspended);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Pauses native and focused-window shortcut processing.
+    /// </summary>
+    public async Task<bool> SuspendShortcutProcessing()
+    {
+        lock (this.runtimeStateLock)
+            this.isProcessingSuspended = true;
+
+        await this.PublishAllRuntimeStates();
+        return await this.rustService.SuspendShortcutProcessing();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Resumes native and focused-window shortcut processing.
+    /// </summary>
+    public async Task<bool> ResumeShortcutProcessing()
+    {
+        var result = await this.rustService.ResumeShortcutProcessing();
+        lock (this.runtimeStateLock)
+            this.isProcessingSuspended = false;
+
+        await this.PublishAllRuntimeStates();
+        return result;
+    }
+
     #region IMessageBusReceiver
     
     public async Task ProcessMessage<T>(ComponentBase? sendingComponent, Event triggeredEvent, T? data)
@@ -155,6 +200,9 @@ public sealed class GlobalShortcutService : BackgroundService, IMessageBusReceiv
                     if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(requestedState.Shortcut))
                         this.lastNonEmptyShortcuts[shortcutId] = requestedState.Shortcut;
 
+                    lock (this.runtimeStateLock)
+                        this.runtimeBindings[shortcutId] = new(requestedState.Shortcut, result.Backend);
+
                     this.logger.LogInformation(
                         "Global shortcut '{ShortcutId}' ({Shortcut}) synchronized through {Backend}.",
                         shortcutId,
@@ -163,6 +211,15 @@ public sealed class GlobalShortcutService : BackgroundService, IMessageBusReceiv
 
                     if (result.Backend is ShortcutBackend.PORTAL)
                         await this.UpdateEffectiveDisplayName(shortcutId, result.EffectiveDisplayName);
+
+                    await this.PublishRuntimeState(shortcutId);
+                    if (result.Backend is ShortcutBackend.LOCAL && !this.localFallbackWarningShown)
+                    {
+                        this.localFallbackWarningShown = true;
+                        await this.messageBus.SendWarning(new(
+                            Icons.Material.Filled.Keyboard,
+                            TB("The voice recording shortcut currently works only while AI Studio is focused.")));
+                    }
                 }
                 else
                 {
@@ -236,6 +293,31 @@ public sealed class GlobalShortcutService : BackgroundService, IMessageBusReceiv
         await this.messageBus.SendMessage<bool>(null, Event.GLOBAL_SHORTCUT_CHANGED);
     }
 
+    private async Task PublishAllRuntimeStates()
+    {
+        Shortcut[] shortcutIds;
+        lock (this.runtimeStateLock)
+            shortcutIds = this.runtimeBindings.Keys.ToArray();
+
+        foreach (var shortcutId in shortcutIds)
+            await this.PublishRuntimeState(shortcutId);
+    }
+
+    private async Task PublishRuntimeState(Shortcut shortcutId)
+    {
+        var subscribers = this.RuntimeStateChanged;
+        if (subscribers is null)
+            return;
+
+        var handlers = subscribers.GetInvocationList()
+            .Cast<Func<GlobalShortcutRuntimeState, Task>>()
+            .ToArray();
+        var runtimeState = this.GetRuntimeState(shortcutId);
+
+        foreach (var handler in handlers)
+            await handler(runtimeState);
+    }
+
     private static string TB(string fallbackEN) => I18N.I.T(fallbackEN, typeof(GlobalShortcutService).Namespace, nameof(GlobalShortcutService));
 
     private async Task<ShortcutState> GetShortcutState(Shortcut shortcutId, ShortcutSyncSource source)
@@ -262,4 +344,12 @@ public sealed class GlobalShortcutService : BackgroundService, IMessageBusReceiv
     }
 
     private readonly record struct ShortcutState(string Shortcut, bool IsEnabled, bool UsesPersistedFallback);
+
+    private readonly record struct ShortcutRuntimeBinding(string Shortcut, ShortcutBackend Backend);
 }
+
+public sealed record GlobalShortcutRuntimeState(
+    Shortcut ShortcutId,
+    string Shortcut,
+    ShortcutBackend Backend,
+    bool IsSuspended);

app/MindWork AI Studio/wwwroot/app.js

@@ -170,3 +170,103 @@ window.unregisterEscapeHandler = function (id) {
     document.removeEventListener('keydown', handler, true)
     escapeHandlers.delete(id)
 }
+
+const localShortcutHandlers = new Map()
+
+function tauriKeyFromKeyboardCode(code) {
+    if (/^Key[A-Z]$/.test(code))
+        return code.substring(3)
+
+    if (/^Digit[0-9]$/.test(code))
+        return code.substring(5)
+
+    if (/^F(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])$/.test(code))
+        return code
+
+    const keys = {
+        Space: 'Space', Enter: 'Enter', Tab: 'Tab', Escape: 'Escape', Backspace: 'Backspace',
+        Delete: 'Delete', Insert: 'Insert', Home: 'Home', End: 'End', PageUp: 'PageUp', PageDown: 'PageDown',
+        ArrowUp: 'Up', ArrowDown: 'Down', ArrowLeft: 'Left', ArrowRight: 'Right',
+        Numpad0: 'Num0', Numpad1: 'Num1', Numpad2: 'Num2', Numpad3: 'Num3', Numpad4: 'Num4',
+        Numpad5: 'Num5', Numpad6: 'Num6', Numpad7: 'Num7', Numpad8: 'Num8', Numpad9: 'Num9',
+        NumpadAdd: 'NumAdd', NumpadSubtract: 'NumSubtract', NumpadMultiply: 'NumMultiply',
+        NumpadDivide: 'NumDivide', NumpadDecimal: 'NumDecimal', NumpadEnter: 'NumEnter',
+        Minus: 'Minus', Equal: 'Equal', BracketLeft: 'BracketLeft', BracketRight: 'BracketRight',
+        Backslash: 'Backslash', Semicolon: 'Semicolon', Quote: 'Quote', Backquote: 'Backquote',
+        Comma: 'Comma', Period: 'Period', Slash: 'Slash'
+    }
+
+    return keys[code] ?? code
+}
+
+function parseTauriShortcut(shortcut) {
+    const expected = { ctrl: false, shift: false, alt: false, meta: false, key: '' }
+    const isMac = /Mac|iPhone|iPad|iPod/.test(navigator.platform)
+
+    for (const rawPart of shortcut.split('+')) {
+        const part = rawPart.trim().toLowerCase()
+        switch (part) {
+            case 'cmdorcontrol':
+            case 'commandorcontrol':
+                expected[isMac ? 'meta' : 'ctrl'] = true
+                break
+            case 'ctrl':
+            case 'control':
+                expected.ctrl = true
+                break
+            case 'cmd':
+            case 'command':
+            case 'meta':
+            case 'super':
+                expected.meta = true
+                break
+            case 'shift':
+                expected.shift = true
+                break
+            case 'alt':
+            case 'option':
+                expected.alt = true
+                break
+            default:
+                expected.key = rawPart.trim()
+                break
+        }
+    }
+
+    return expected
+}
+
+window.localShortcut = {
+    register: function (id, shortcut, dotNetReference) {
+        this.unregister(id)
+        const expected = parseTauriShortcut(shortcut)
+        if (!expected.key)
+            return
+
+        const handler = function (event) {
+            if (event.repeat
+                || event.ctrlKey !== expected.ctrl
+                || event.shiftKey !== expected.shift
+                || event.altKey !== expected.alt
+                || event.metaKey !== expected.meta
+                || tauriKeyFromKeyboardCode(event.code).toLowerCase() !== expected.key.toLowerCase())
+                return
+
+            event.preventDefault()
+            event.stopPropagation()
+            dotNetReference.invokeMethodAsync('OnLocalShortcutPressed').catch(() => {})
+        }
+
+        document.addEventListener('keydown', handler, true)
+        localShortcutHandlers.set(id, handler)
+    },
+
+    unregister: function (id) {
+        const handler = localShortcutHandlers.get(id)
+        if (!handler)
+            return
+
+        document.removeEventListener('keydown', handler, true)
+        localShortcutHandlers.delete(id)
+    }
+}

app/MindWork AI Studio/wwwroot/changelog/v26.7.3.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 - Fixed an issue that could leave AI Studio unresponsive after waking the computer from sleep. Yes, we know this was an annoying bug, and we apologize for the inconvenience.
 - Fixed connections to internal HTTPS services and enterprise configuration servers that use organization-provided root certificates on Linux.
 - Fixed enterprise configuration plugins from Windows-created ZIP files may not load correctly on Linux when the ZIP contained plugin files inside a folder.
-- Fixed the global voice recording shortcut on Linux so it also works outside AI Studio on supported Wayland desktops.
+- Fixed the voice recording shortcut on Linux so it works globally on supported desktops and while AI Studio is focused on other Linux desktops.
 - Fixed voice recording and transcription on Linux.
 - Fixed copied content from AI Studio not remaining available on the clipboard on Linux.
 - Fixed dragging and dropping files from the home folder into the Linux Flatpak version.

runtime/src/global_shortcuts.rs

@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@ pub enum ShortcutBackend {
 
     /// The Tauri global-shortcut plugin manages the shortcut.
     Tauri,
+
+    /// The focused application window handles the shortcut.
+    Local,
 }
 
 /// Response for shortcut registration and processing state changes.
@@ -151,6 +154,12 @@ enum ActiveBinding {
         shortcut: String,
     },
 
+    /// Stores a shortcut handled within the focused application window.
+    Local {
+        /// Contains the registered shortcut in Tauri syntax.
+        shortcut: String,
+    },
+
     #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
     /// Stores a shortcut and its live XDG portal session.
     Portal {
@@ -170,6 +179,7 @@ impl ActiveBinding {
     fn shortcut(&self) -> &str {
         match self {
             Self::Tauri { shortcut } => shortcut,
+            Self::Local { shortcut } => shortcut,
             #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
             Self::Portal { shortcut, .. } => shortcut,
         }
@@ -179,6 +189,7 @@ impl ActiveBinding {
     fn backend(&self) -> ShortcutBackend {
         match self {
             Self::Tauri { .. } => ShortcutBackend::Tauri,
+            Self::Local { .. } => ShortcutBackend::Local,
             #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
             Self::Portal { .. } => ShortcutBackend::Portal,
         }
@@ -188,6 +199,7 @@ impl ActiveBinding {
     fn effective_display_name(&self) -> String {
         match self {
             Self::Tauri { shortcut } => shortcut.clone(),
+            Self::Local { shortcut } => shortcut.clone(),
             #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
             Self::Portal { effective_display_name, .. } => effective_display_name.clone(),
         }
@@ -246,8 +258,15 @@ pub async fn register(
 
             Err(error) => {
                 let current_backend = manager.bindings.get(&request.id).map(ActiveBinding::backend);
-                if may_fallback_to_tauri(error.kind, current_backend) {
-                    warn!(Source = "XDG portal"; "Global shortcut registration failed; using the Tauri X11 backend: {}", error.message);
+                if may_fallback_to_local(error.kind, current_backend) {
+                    warn!(Source = "XDG portal"; "Global shortcut registration failed; using the focused-window fallback: {}", error.message);
+
+                    if let Some(old_binding) = manager.bindings.remove(&request.id) {
+                        close_binding(&app_handle, request.id, old_binding).await;
+                    }
+
+                    manager.bindings.insert(request.id, ActiveBinding::Local { shortcut: request.shortcut.clone() });
+                    return ShortcutResponse::success(ShortcutBackend::Local, request.shortcut);
                 } else {
                     let cancelled = error.kind == PortalFailureKind::Cancelled;
                     if cancelled {
@@ -264,6 +283,7 @@ pub async fn register(
         }
     }
 
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
     match register_tauri_binding(&app_handle, &request.shortcut, request.id, event_sender) {
         Ok(()) => {
             if let Some(old_binding) = manager.bindings.remove(&request.id) {
@@ -329,6 +349,8 @@ async fn close_binding(app_handle: &tauri::AppHandle, id: Shortcut, binding: Act
             }
         },
 
+        ActiveBinding::Local { .. } => {},
+
         #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
         ActiveBinding::Portal { generation, session, .. } => {
             let is_still_active = ACTIVE_PORTAL_GENERATIONS.lock().unwrap().get(&id) == Some(&generation);
@@ -447,8 +469,8 @@ enum PortalFailureKind {
     Technical,
 }
 
-/// Determines whether a failed portal attempt may safely fall back to Tauri.
-fn may_fallback_to_tauri(_failure: PortalFailureKind, current_backend: Option<ShortcutBackend>) -> bool {
+/// Determines whether a failed portal attempt may safely use the focused-window fallback.
+fn may_fallback_to_local(_failure: PortalFailureKind, current_backend: Option<ShortcutBackend>) -> bool {
     current_backend != Some(ShortcutBackend::Portal)
 }
 
@@ -946,29 +968,46 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    /// Verifies that all initial portal failures use the Tauri fallback.
-    fn all_initial_portal_failures_use_tauri_fallback() {
+    /// Verifies that all initial portal failures use the focused-window fallback.
+    fn all_initial_portal_failures_use_local_fallback() {
         for failure in [
             PortalFailureKind::Unavailable,
             PortalFailureKind::Cancelled,
             PortalFailureKind::Denied,
             PortalFailureKind::Technical,
         ] {
-            assert!(may_fallback_to_tauri(failure, None));
+            assert!(may_fallback_to_local(failure, None));
         }
     }
 
     #[test]
     /// Verifies that a failed reconfiguration never replaces an active portal binding.
     fn failed_reconfiguration_preserves_portal_binding() {
-        assert!(!may_fallback_to_tauri(PortalFailureKind::Cancelled, Some(ShortcutBackend::Portal)));
-        assert!(!may_fallback_to_tauri(PortalFailureKind::Denied, Some(ShortcutBackend::Portal)));
+        for failure in [
+            PortalFailureKind::Unavailable,
+            PortalFailureKind::Cancelled,
+            PortalFailureKind::Denied,
+            PortalFailureKind::Technical,
+        ] {
+            assert!(!may_fallback_to_local(failure, Some(ShortcutBackend::Portal)));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    /// Verifies that focused-window bindings expose their shortcut and backend consistently.
+    fn local_binding_reports_runtime_state() {
+        let binding = ActiveBinding::Local { shortcut: "CmdOrControl+3".to_string() };
+
+        assert_eq!(binding.shortcut(), "CmdOrControl+3");
+        assert_eq!(binding.backend(), ShortcutBackend::Local);
+        assert_eq!(binding.effective_display_name(), "CmdOrControl+3");
     }
 
     #[test]
     /// Verifies that suspend keeps portal sessions while unregistering Tauri bindings.
     fn suspend_keeps_portal_session_registered() {
         assert!(!unregister_backend_during_suspend(ShortcutBackend::Portal));
+        assert!(!unregister_backend_during_suspend(ShortcutBackend::Local));
         assert!(unregister_backend_during_suspend(ShortcutBackend::Tauri));
     }