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Cleaned bias descriptions (#199)
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@ -1196,7 +1196,7 @@ public static class BiasCatalog
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McDaniel and Einstein argues that bizarreness intrinsically does not enhance memory in their paper
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McDaniel and Einstein argues that bizarreness intrinsically does not enhance memory in their paper
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from 1986. They claim that bizarre information becomes distinctive. It is the distinctiveness that
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from 1986. They claim that bizarre information becomes distinctive. It is the distinctiveness that
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according to them makes encoding easier.[3] Which makes common sense from an instinctual perspective
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according to them makes encoding easier. Which makes common sense from an instinctual perspective
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as the human brain will disregard ingesting information it already is familiar with and will be
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as the human brain will disregard ingesting information it already is familiar with and will be
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particularly attuned to taking in new information as an adaptation technique.
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particularly attuned to taking in new information as an adaptation technique.
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""",
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""",
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@ -4749,7 +4749,7 @@ public static class BiasCatalog
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effect. There are psychological mechanisms by which backfire effects could potentially occur, but the evidence on
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effect. There are psychological mechanisms by which backfire effects could potentially occur, but the evidence on
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this topic is mixed, and backfire effects are very rare in practice. A 2020 review of the scientific literature on
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this topic is mixed, and backfire effects are very rare in practice. A 2020 review of the scientific literature on
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backfire effects found that there have been widespread failures to replicate their existence, even under conditions
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backfire effects found that there have been widespread failures to replicate their existence, even under conditions
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that would be theoretically favorable to observing them.[8] Due to the lack of reproducibility, as of 2020 most
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that would be theoretically favorable to observing them. Due to the lack of reproducibility, as of 2020 most
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researchers believe that backfire effects are either unlikely to occur on the broader population level, or they
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researchers believe that backfire effects are either unlikely to occur on the broader population level, or they
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only occur in very specific circumstances, or they do not exist. For most people, corrections and fact-checking
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only occur in very specific circumstances, or they do not exist. For most people, corrections and fact-checking
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are very unlikely to have a negative impact, and there is no specific group of people in which backfire effects
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are very unlikely to have a negative impact, and there is no specific group of people in which backfire effects
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@ -5715,13 +5715,13 @@ public static class BiasCatalog
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Other topics that are sensitive to social-desirability bias include:
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Other topics that are sensitive to social-desirability bias include:
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- Self-reported personality traits will correlate strongly with social desirability bias[2]
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- Self-reported personality traits will correlate strongly with social desirability bias
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- Personal income and earnings, often inflated when low and deflated when high
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- Personal income and earnings, often inflated when low and deflated when high
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- Feelings of low self-worth and/or powerlessness, often denied
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- Feelings of low self-worth and/or powerlessness, often denied
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- Excretory functions, often approached uncomfortably, if discussed at all
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- Excretory functions, often approached uncomfortably, if discussed at all
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- Compliance with medicinal-dosing schedules, often inflated
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- Compliance with medicinal-dosing schedules, often inflated
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- Family planning, including use of contraceptives and abortion[3][4]
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- Family planning, including use of contraceptives and abortion
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- Religion, often either avoided or uncomfortably approached[5]
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- Religion, often either avoided or uncomfortably approached
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- Patriotism, either inflated or, if denied, done so with a fear of other party's judgment
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- Patriotism, either inflated or, if denied, done so with a fear of other party's judgment
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- Bigotry and intolerance, often denied, even if it exists within the responder
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- Bigotry and intolerance, often denied, even if it exists within the responder
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- Intellectual achievements, often inflated
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- Intellectual achievements, often inflated
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