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AI-Studio/runtime/src/qdrant_edge_database.rs
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use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
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use std::fs;
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
use std::sync::Mutex;
use axum::Json;
use log::{error, info, warn};
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
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use qdrant_edge::external::serde_json::{json, Value};
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use qdrant_edge::external::uuid::Uuid;
use qdrant_edge::{
Condition, Distance, EdgeConfig, EdgeOptimizersConfig, EdgeShard, EdgeVectorParams,
FieldCondition, Filter, HasIdCondition, HnswIndexConfig, Match, MatchValue, NamedQuery,
Payload, PointId, PointInsertOperations, PointOperations, PointStruct, QueryEnum,
QueryRequest, ScoredPoint, ScoringQuery, UpdateOperation, ValueVariants, VectorInternal,
Vectors, WithPayloadInterface, WithVector,
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};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use tauri::Manager;
use crate::api_token::APIToken;
use crate::environment::DATA_DIRECTORY;
use crate::metadata::META_DATA;
const VECTOR_NAME: &str = "embedding";
const HNSW_M: usize = 16;
const HNSW_EF_CONSTRUCT: usize = 100;
const HNSW_FULL_SCAN_THRESHOLD_KB: usize = 10_000;
const HNSW_MAX_INDEXING_THREADS: usize = 0;
const VECTOR_INDEXING_THRESHOLD_KB: usize = 10_000;
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const STORE_INITIALIZATION_MARKER: &str = "store_name.txt";
const STORE_INITIALIZATION_MARKER_TEMP: &str = "store_name.tmp";
const STORE_DISPLAY_NAME_MARKER: &str = "data_source_name.txt";
const STORE_DISPLAY_NAME_MARKER_TEMP: &str = "data_source_name.tmp";
const WAL_DIRECTORY: &str = "wal";
const CLOSED_WAL_SEGMENT_PREFIX: &str = "closed-";
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/// Marks a response whose store exists on disk but cannot be opened. The .NET side keys its repair
/// offer off this value instead of parsing `issue`, so rewording the message stays harmless.
const ISSUE_CODE_STORE_UNREADABLE: &str = "store-unreadable";
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type QdrantEdgeResult<T> = Result<T, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>>;
static QDRANT_EDGE_DATABASE: Lazy<Mutex<Option<QdrantEdgeDatabase>>> =
Lazy::new(|| Mutex::new(None));
static QDRANT_EDGE_STATUS: Lazy<Mutex<QdrantEdgeStatusInfo>> =
Lazy::new(|| Mutex::new(QdrantEdgeStatusInfo::default()));
#[derive(Default)]
struct QdrantEdgeStatusInfo {
status: QdrantEdgeStatus,
unavailable_reason: Option<String>,
}
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, Serialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum QdrantEdgeStatus {
#[default]
Starting,
Available,
Unavailable,
}
#[derive(Serialize)]
pub struct QdrantEdgeServiceInfo {
pub status: QdrantEdgeStatus,
pub name: String,
pub version: String,
pub path: String,
pub stores_count: usize,
pub is_available: bool,
pub unavailable_reason: Option<String>,
}
#[derive(Clone, Deserialize)]
pub struct QdrantEdgeStoragePoint {
pub point_id: String,
pub vector: Vec<f32>,
pub data_source_id: String,
pub data_source_type: String,
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pub chunk_id: String,
pub parent_file_id: String,
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pub file_path: String,
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pub absolute_path: String,
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pub file_name: String,
pub relative_path: String,
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pub file_type: String,
pub page_number: Option<i32>,
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pub chunk_index: i32,
pub text: String,
pub fingerprint: String,
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pub creation_utc: String,
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pub last_write_utc: String,
pub embedded_at_utc: String,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
pub struct EnsureQdrantEdgeStoreRequest {
pub store_name: String,
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pub data_source_name: String,
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pub vector_size: usize,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
pub struct InsertQdrantEdgeEmbeddingRequest {
pub store_name: String,
pub points: Vec<QdrantEdgeStoragePoint>,
}
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#[derive(Deserialize)]
pub struct SearchQdrantEdgeEmbeddingRequest {
pub store_name: String,
pub vector: Vec<f32>,
pub max_matches: usize,
/// The only points the search may return. Missing means the whole store. An empty list means
/// no point at all, so the search finds nothing -- it never falls back to the whole store.
pub point_ids: Option<Vec<String>>,
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}
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#[derive(Deserialize)]
pub struct DeleteQdrantEdgeEmbeddingByFileRequest {
pub store_name: String,
pub file_path: String,
}
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#[derive(Deserialize)]
pub struct OptimizeQdrantEdgeStoreRequest {
pub store_name: String,
}
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#[derive(Deserialize)]
pub struct DeleteQdrantEdgeStoreRequest {
pub store_name: String,
}
#[derive(Serialize)]
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pub struct QdrantEdgeResponse<T> {
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pub success: bool,
pub issue: String,
pub issue_code: &'static str,
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pub data: Option<T>,
}
/// A vector store which is initialized on disk but which Qdrant Edge refuses to open.
///
/// This is deliberately its own error type rather than one more formatted string: a broken store
/// is the one failure the user can act on, and the request layer has to recognize it to label the
/// response. Nothing here deletes the store -- rebuilding the embeddings costs the user time and,
/// with a cloud embedding provider, money, so that stays their decision.
#[derive(Debug)]
struct StoreUnreadableError {
store_name: String,
message: String,
}
impl StoreUnreadableError {
fn new(store_name: &str, path: &Path, source: impl std::fmt::Display) -> Self {
Self {
store_name: store_name.to_string(),
message: format!("Failed to load vector store '{store_name}' from '{}': {source}", path.display()),
}
}
}
impl std::fmt::Display for StoreUnreadableError {
fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
formatter.write_str(&self.message)
}
}
impl std::error::Error for StoreUnreadableError {}
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#[derive(Serialize)]
pub struct QdrantEdgeEnsureStoreResult {
pub created: bool,
}
#[derive(Serialize)]
pub struct QdrantEdgeSearchResult {
pub point_id: String,
pub score: f32,
pub data_source_id: String,
pub data_source_type: String,
pub chunk_id: String,
pub parent_file_id: String,
pub file_path: String,
pub absolute_path: String,
pub file_name: String,
pub relative_path: String,
pub file_type: String,
pub page_number: Option<i32>,
pub chunk_index: i32,
pub text: String,
pub fingerprint: String,
pub creation_utc: String,
pub last_write_utc: String,
pub embedded_at_utc: String,
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}
#[derive(Clone, Serialize)]
pub struct QdrantEdgeInfo {
pub name: String,
pub version: String,
pub path: String,
pub stores_count: usize,
}
pub struct QdrantEdgeDatabase {
base_path: PathBuf,
shards: HashMap<String, EdgeShard>,
/// Stores whose unreadability has already been logged. A broken store is hit by every single
/// request against it, and one log line per request would bury everything else.
reported_unreadable_stores: HashSet<String>,
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}
impl QdrantEdgeDatabase {
pub fn new(base_path: PathBuf) -> Self {
Self {
base_path,
shards: HashMap::new(),
reported_unreadable_stores: HashSet::new(),
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}
}
/// Whether this store's defect still has to be written to the log. True exactly once per store,
/// until the store loads again.
fn report_unreadable_store(&mut self, store_name: &str) -> bool {
self.reported_unreadable_stores.insert(store_name.to_string())
}
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fn store_path(&self, store_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<PathBuf> {
validate_store_name(store_name)?;
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Ok(self.base_path.join("stores").join(store_directory_name(store_name)))
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}
// To ensure a shard exists and that you can insert a vector
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fn get_or_create_store(&mut self, store_name: &str, vector_size: usize) -> QdrantEdgeResult<(&EdgeShard, bool)> {
let (path, is_initialized) = self.reconcile_store_state(store_name)?;
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if self.shards.contains_key(store_name) {
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return Ok((self.shards.get(store_name).unwrap(), false));
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}
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let shard = if is_initialized {
compact_wal(&path, store_name);
match EdgeShard::load(&path, None) {
Ok(shard) => shard,
Err(error) => return Err(StoreUnreadableError::new(store_name, &path, error).into()),
}
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} else {
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fs::create_dir_all(&path).map_err(|error| {
format!("Failed to create directory for vector store '{store_name}' at '{}': {error}", path.display())
})?;
let shard = match EdgeShard::new(&path, edge_config(vector_size)) {
Ok(shard) => shard,
Err(error) => {
let cleanup_issue = remove_partial_store(&path);
return Err(format!("Failed to create vector store '{store_name}' at '{}': {error}{cleanup_issue}", path.display()).into());
},
};
if let Err(error) = write_store_initialization_marker(&path, store_name) {
drop(shard);
let cleanup_issue = remove_partial_store(&path);
return Err(format!("Failed to finalize vector store '{store_name}' at '{}': {error}{cleanup_issue}", path.display()).into());
}
shard
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};
self.reported_unreadable_stores.remove(store_name);
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self.shards.insert(store_name.to_string(), shard);
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Ok((self.shards.get(store_name).unwrap(), !is_initialized))
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}
// To check whether a shard exists so you can delete a file from it
fn get_existing_store(&mut self, store_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<Option<&EdgeShard>> {
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let (path, is_initialized) = self.reconcile_store_state(store_name)?;
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if self.shards.contains_key(store_name) {
return Ok(self.shards.get(store_name));
}
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if !is_initialized {
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return Ok(None);
}
compact_wal(&path, store_name);
let shard = match EdgeShard::load(&path, None) {
Ok(shard) => shard,
Err(error) => return Err(StoreUnreadableError::new(store_name, &path, error).into()),
};
self.reported_unreadable_stores.remove(store_name);
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self.shards.insert(store_name.to_string(), shard);
Ok(self.shards.get(store_name))
}
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fn reconcile_store_state(&mut self, store_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<(PathBuf, bool)> {
let path = self.store_path(store_name)?;
let is_initialized = store_is_initialized(&path, store_name)?;
if self.shards.contains_key(store_name) && !is_initialized {
warn!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Removing stale cached vector store '{}' because its initialized data directory no longer exists.", store_name);
self.shards.remove(store_name);
}
if path.exists() && !is_initialized {
warn!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Removing incompletely initialized vector store '{}' before continuing.", store_name);
fs::remove_dir_all(&path).map_err(|error| {
format!("Failed to remove incomplete vector store '{store_name}' at '{}': {error}", path.display())
})?;
}
Ok((path, is_initialized))
}
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fn info(&self) -> QdrantEdgeResult<QdrantEdgeInfo> {
let stores_path = self.base_path.join("stores");
let stores_count = if stores_path.exists() {
fs::read_dir(stores_path)?
.filter_map(Result::ok)
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.filter(|entry| entry.path().join(STORE_INITIALIZATION_MARKER).is_file())
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.count()
} else {
0
};
Ok(QdrantEdgeInfo {
name: "Qdrant Edge".to_string(),
version: vector_store_version()?,
path: self.base_path.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
stores_count,
})
}
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fn ensure_store_exists(&mut self, store_name: &str, data_source_name: &str, vector_size: usize) -> QdrantEdgeResult<QdrantEdgeEnsureStoreResult> {
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validate_vector_size(vector_size)?;
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validate_data_source_name(data_source_name)?;
let store_path = self.store_path(store_name)?;
let (_, created) = self.get_or_create_store(store_name, vector_size)?;
write_store_display_name(&store_path, data_source_name)?;
Ok(QdrantEdgeEnsureStoreResult {
created,
})
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}
fn insert_embedding(&mut self, store_name: &str, points: Vec<QdrantEdgeStoragePoint>) -> QdrantEdgeResult<()> {
let Some(first_point) = points.first() else {
return Ok(());
};
let vector_size = first_point.vector.len();
validate_vector_size(vector_size)?;
if points.iter().any(|point| point.vector.len() != vector_size) {
return Err("All vectors in one insert request must have the same size.".into());
}
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let (shard, _) = self.get_or_create_store(store_name, vector_size)?;
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let points = points
.into_iter()
.map(to_qdrant_edge_point)
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.collect::<QdrantEdgeResult<Vec<_>>>()?;
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shard.update(UpdateOperation::PointOperation(
PointOperations::UpsertPoints(PointInsertOperations::PointsList(points)),
))?;
shard.flush()?;
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Ok(())
}
fn search_embedding(&mut self, store_name: &str, vector: Vec<f32>, max_matches: usize, point_ids: Option<Vec<String>>) -> QdrantEdgeResult<Vec<QdrantEdgeSearchResult>> {
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if max_matches == 0 {
return Ok(vec![]);
}
let filter = match point_ids {
None => None,
Some(point_ids) if point_ids.is_empty() => return Ok(vec![]),
Some(point_ids) => Some(point_id_filter(&point_ids)?),
};
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validate_vector_size(vector.len())?;
let Some(shard) = self.get_existing_store(store_name)? else {
return Ok(vec![]);
};
let search_results = shard.query(QueryRequest {
prefetches: Vec::new(),
query: Some(ScoringQuery::Vector(QueryEnum::Nearest(NamedQuery::new(
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VectorInternal::Dense(vector),
VECTOR_NAME,
)))),
filter,
score_threshold: None,
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limit: max_matches,
offset: 0,
params: None,
with_vector: WithVector::Bool(false),
with_payload: WithPayloadInterface::Bool(true),
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})?;
Ok(search_results
.into_iter()
.map(to_qdrant_edge_search_result)
.collect())
}
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fn delete_embedding_by_file(&mut self, store_name: &str, file_path: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<()> {
let Some(shard) = self.get_existing_store(store_name)? else {
return Ok(());
};
shard.update(UpdateOperation::PointOperation(
PointOperations::DeletePointsByFilter(match_keyword_filter("file_path", file_path)?),
))?;
shard.flush()?;
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Ok(())
}
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fn optimize_store(&mut self, store_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<()> {
let Some(shard) = self.get_existing_store(store_name)? else {
return Ok(());
};
let optimized = shard.optimize()?;
if optimized {
info!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Optimized vector store '{}'.", store_name);
}
shard.flush()?;
// Temporary compatibility shim, see compact_wal: without this, the WAL of a long session
// keeps growing until the next start. The store has to be unloaded first, because Windows
// cannot delete memory-mapped files. The next request loads it again.
let path = self.store_path(store_name)?;
if has_obsolete_wal_segments(&path) {
drop(self.shards.remove(store_name));
compact_wal(&path, store_name);
}
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Ok(())
}
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fn delete_store(&mut self, store_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<()> {
self.shards.remove(store_name);
let path = self.store_path(store_name)?;
if path.exists() {
fs::remove_dir_all(path)?;
}
Ok(())
}
fn base_path(&self) -> PathBuf {
self.base_path.clone()
}
}
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fn store_directory_name(store_name: &str) -> String {
let stable_id = store_name.strip_prefix("rag_").unwrap_or(store_name);
format!("store_{stable_id}")
}
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fn qdrant_edge_base_path() -> QdrantEdgeResult<PathBuf> {
let data_directory = DATA_DIRECTORY
.get()
.ok_or("The data directory has not been initialized.")?;
Ok(Path::new(data_directory)
.join("databases")
.join("vector_database"))
}
pub async fn qdrant_edge_info(_token: APIToken) -> Json<QdrantEdgeServiceInfo> {
let status = QDRANT_EDGE_STATUS.lock().unwrap();
let current_status = status.status;
let unavailable_reason = status.unavailable_reason.clone();
drop(status);
let database_guard = QDRANT_EDGE_DATABASE.lock().unwrap();
let database_info = database_guard
.as_ref()
.and_then(|database| database.info().ok());
let is_available = current_status == QdrantEdgeStatus::Available && database_info.is_some();
Json(QdrantEdgeServiceInfo {
status: current_status,
name: database_info.as_ref().map(|info| info.name.clone()).unwrap_or_default(),
version: database_info.as_ref().map(|info| info.version.clone()).unwrap_or_default(),
path: database_info.as_ref().map(|info| info.path.clone()).unwrap_or_default(),
stores_count: database_info.as_ref().map(|info| info.stores_count).unwrap_or_default(),
is_available,
unavailable_reason,
})
}
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pub async fn ensure_qdrant_edge_store(_token: APIToken, Json(request): Json<EnsureQdrantEdgeStoreRequest>) -> Json<QdrantEdgeResponse<QdrantEdgeEnsureStoreResult>> {
execute_qdrant_edge_request(|database| {
database.ensure_store_exists(&request.store_name, &request.data_source_name, request.vector_size)
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})
}
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pub async fn insert_qdrant_edge_embedding(_token: APIToken, Json(request): Json<InsertQdrantEdgeEmbeddingRequest>) -> Json<QdrantEdgeResponse<()>> {
execute_qdrant_edge_request(|database| {
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database.insert_embedding(&request.store_name, request.points)
})
}
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pub async fn search_qdrant_edge_embeddings(_token: APIToken, Json(request): Json<SearchQdrantEdgeEmbeddingRequest>) -> Json<QdrantEdgeResponse<Vec<QdrantEdgeSearchResult>>> {
execute_qdrant_edge_request(|database| {
database.search_embedding(&request.store_name, request.vector, request.max_matches, request.point_ids)
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})
}
pub async fn delete_qdrant_edge_embedding_by_file(_token: APIToken, Json(request): Json<DeleteQdrantEdgeEmbeddingByFileRequest>) -> Json<QdrantEdgeResponse<()>> {
execute_qdrant_edge_request(|database| {
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database.delete_embedding_by_file(&request.store_name, &request.file_path)
})
}
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pub async fn optimize_qdrant_edge_store(_token: APIToken, Json(request): Json<OptimizeQdrantEdgeStoreRequest>) -> Json<QdrantEdgeResponse<()>> {
execute_qdrant_edge_request(|database| {
database.optimize_store(&request.store_name)
})
}
pub async fn delete_qdrant_edge_store(_token: APIToken, Json(request): Json<DeleteQdrantEdgeStoreRequest>) -> Json<QdrantEdgeResponse<()>> {
execute_qdrant_edge_request(|database| {
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database.delete_store(&request.store_name)
})
}
pub fn start_qdrant_edge_database<R: tauri::Runtime>(app_handle: tauri::AppHandle<R>) {
set_qdrant_edge_starting();
remove_obsolete_qdrant_sidecar_files(&app_handle);
let path = match qdrant_edge_base_path() {
Ok(path) => path,
Err(e) => {
let reason = format!("Qdrant Edge cannot be started: {e}");
error!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "{reason}");
set_qdrant_edge_unavailable(reason);
return;
},
};
match fs::create_dir_all(&path) {
Ok(_) => {
let database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(path.clone());
*QDRANT_EDGE_DATABASE.lock().unwrap() = Some(database);
set_qdrant_edge_available();
info!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Qdrant Edge is available at '{}'.", path.display());
},
Err(e) => {
let reason = format!("The Qdrant Edge data directory could not be created: {e}");
error!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "{reason}");
set_qdrant_edge_unavailable(reason);
},
}
}
pub fn stop_qdrant_edge_database() {
if let Some(database) = QDRANT_EDGE_DATABASE.lock().unwrap().take() {
info!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Stopping Qdrant Edge at '{}'.", database.base_path().display());
drop(database);
}
set_qdrant_edge_unavailable("Qdrant Edge was stopped.".to_string());
}
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fn execute_qdrant_edge_request<T, F>(operation: F) -> Json<QdrantEdgeResponse<T>>
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where
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T: Serialize,
F: FnOnce(&mut QdrantEdgeDatabase) -> QdrantEdgeResult<T>,
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{
let mut database_guard = QDRANT_EDGE_DATABASE.lock().unwrap();
let Some(database) = database_guard.as_mut() else {
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return Json(QdrantEdgeResponse {
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success: false,
issue: "Qdrant Edge is not available.".to_string(),
issue_code: "",
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data: None,
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});
};
match operation(database) {
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Ok(data) => Json(QdrantEdgeResponse {
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success: true,
issue: String::new(),
issue_code: "",
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data: Some(data),
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}),
Err(e) => {
let issue = e.to_string();
//
// An unreadable store keeps failing for as long as the user leaves it alone, so it is
// logged once and then only answered. Every other failure is logged as it happens,
// because those are one-offs worth seeing each time.
//
let issue_code = match e.downcast_ref::<StoreUnreadableError>() {
Some(unreadable) => {
if database.report_unreadable_store(&unreadable.store_name) {
error!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Qdrant Edge request failed: {issue}");
}
ISSUE_CODE_STORE_UNREADABLE
},
None => {
error!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Qdrant Edge request failed: {issue}");
""
},
};
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Json(QdrantEdgeResponse {
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success: false,
issue,
issue_code,
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data: None,
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})
},
}
}
fn set_qdrant_edge_available() {
let mut status = QDRANT_EDGE_STATUS.lock().unwrap();
status.status = QdrantEdgeStatus::Available;
status.unavailable_reason = None;
}
fn set_qdrant_edge_starting() {
let mut status = QDRANT_EDGE_STATUS.lock().unwrap();
status.status = QdrantEdgeStatus::Starting;
status.unavailable_reason = None;
}
fn set_qdrant_edge_unavailable(reason: String) {
let mut status = QDRANT_EDGE_STATUS.lock().unwrap();
status.status = QdrantEdgeStatus::Unavailable;
status.unavailable_reason = Some(reason);
}
// Temporary compatibility shim until 2026-12-02:
// documentation/compatibility-shims/2026-06-qdrant-edge-migration.md
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fn remove_obsolete_qdrant_sidecar_files<R: tauri::Runtime>(app_handle: &tauri::AppHandle<R>) {
let mut paths = Vec::new();
if let Some(data_directory) = DATA_DIRECTORY.get() {
let databases_directory = Path::new(data_directory).join("databases");
paths.push(databases_directory.join("qdrant"));
paths.push(databases_directory.join("qdrant_test"));
}
if let Ok(resource_dir) = app_handle.path().resource_dir() {
paths.push(resource_dir.join("target").join("databases").join("qdrant"));
paths.push(resource_dir.join("resources").join("databases").join("qdrant"));
}
cfg_if::cfg_if! {
if #[cfg(any(target_os = "windows", target_os = "macos"))]{
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if let Ok(current_exe) = std::env::current_exe() && let Some(exe_dir) = current_exe.parent()
&& exe_dir.to_string_lossy().contains("MindWork AI Studio") {
paths.push(exe_dir.join("target").join("databases").join("qdrant"));
paths.push(exe_dir.join("qdrant.exe"));
paths.push(exe_dir.join("qdrant"));
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}
}
}
for path in paths {
remove_obsolete_qdrant_path(&path);
}
}
fn remove_obsolete_qdrant_path(path: &Path) {
if !path.exists() {
info!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Obsolete file or directory '{}' was not found.", path.display());
return;
}
let result = if path.is_dir() {
fs::remove_dir_all(path)
} else {
fs::remove_file(path)
};
match result {
Ok(_) => warn!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Removed obsolete Qdrant sidecar file or directory '{}'.", path.display()),
Err(e) => warn!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Could not remove obsolete Qdrant sidecar file or directory '{}': {e}", path.display()),
}
}
fn edge_config(vector_size: usize) -> EdgeConfig {
EdgeConfig {
on_disk_payload: Some(true),
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vectors: HashMap::from([(
VECTOR_NAME.to_string(),
EdgeVectorParams {
size: vector_size,
distance: Distance::Cosine,
on_disk: Some(true),
quantization_config: None,
multivector_config: None,
datatype: None,
hnsw_config: Some(hnsw_config()),
},
)]),
sparse_vectors: HashMap::new(),
hnsw_config: Some(hnsw_config()),
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quantization_config: None,
optimizers: Some(edge_optimizers_config()),
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wal_options: None,
max_search_threads: None,
search_pool_core: None,
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}
}
// `on_disk` is deprecated in favor of `memory`, but Qdrant Edge does not re-export the `Memory`
// type, so the new field cannot be named from here. Leaving both unset is not an option either:
// the effective placement would fall back to cached instead of on-disk, which is a real change
// and would have the optimizers rebuild the HNSW graph.
#[allow(deprecated)]
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fn hnsw_config() -> HnswIndexConfig {
HnswIndexConfig {
m: HNSW_M,
ef_construct: HNSW_EF_CONSTRUCT,
full_scan_threshold: HNSW_FULL_SCAN_THRESHOLD_KB,
max_indexing_threads: HNSW_MAX_INDEXING_THREADS,
on_disk: Some(true),
memory: None,
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payload_m: None,
inline_storage: None,
}
}
fn edge_optimizers_config() -> EdgeOptimizersConfig {
EdgeOptimizersConfig {
indexing_threshold: Some(VECTOR_INDEXING_THRESHOLD_KB),
prevent_unoptimized: Some(false),
..Default::default()
}
}
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fn store_is_initialized(path: &Path, store_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<bool> {
if !path.join("edge_config.json").is_file() || !path.join("segments").is_dir() {
return Ok(false);
}
let marker_path = path.join(STORE_INITIALIZATION_MARKER);
if !marker_path.exists() {
return Ok(false);
}
let initialized_store_name = fs::read_to_string(&marker_path).map_err(|error| {
format!("Failed to read vector store initialization marker '{}': {error}", marker_path.display())
})?;
if initialized_store_name != store_name {
return Err(format!("Vector store path collision at '{}': expected store '{}', but the path belongs to '{}'.", path.display(), store_name, initialized_store_name).into());
}
Ok(true)
}
fn write_store_initialization_marker(path: &Path, store_name: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
write_store_marker(path, STORE_INITIALIZATION_MARKER, STORE_INITIALIZATION_MARKER_TEMP, store_name)
}
fn write_store_display_name(path: &Path, data_source_name: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
write_store_marker(path, STORE_DISPLAY_NAME_MARKER, STORE_DISPLAY_NAME_MARKER_TEMP, data_source_name)
}
fn write_store_marker(path: &Path, marker_name: &str, temporary_marker_name: &str, value: &str) -> std::io::Result<()> {
let marker_path = path.join(marker_name);
if fs::read_to_string(&marker_path).is_ok_and(|current_value| current_value == value) {
return Ok(());
}
let temporary_marker_path = path.join(temporary_marker_name);
fs::write(&temporary_marker_path, value)?;
if marker_path.exists() {
fs::remove_file(&marker_path)?;
}
fs::rename(temporary_marker_path, marker_path)
}
fn remove_partial_store(path: &Path) -> String {
match fs::remove_dir_all(path) {
Ok(()) => String::new(),
Err(error) => format!(" The incomplete store could not be removed: {error}"),
}
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}
// Temporary compatibility shim until a qdrant-edge release acknowledges its WAL by itself:
// documentation/compatibility-shims/2026-10-qdrant-edge-wal-compaction.md
//
// Qdrant Edge writes every update to its WAL, but never acknowledges the WAL and never replays it,
// so the WAL grows with every update. We flush after every update, which means the segments already
// hold everything the WAL contains. The store must not be loaded while this runs.
fn compact_wal(store_path: &Path, store_name: &str) {
match remove_obsolete_wal_segments(&store_path.join(WAL_DIRECTORY)) {
Ok((0, _)) => {},
Ok((removed_segments, removed_bytes)) => info!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Removed {removed_segments} obsolete WAL segment(s) with {:.1} MiB from vector store '{store_name}'.", removed_bytes as f64 / (1024.0 * 1024.0)),
Err(error) => warn!(Source = "Qdrant Edge"; "Could not remove the obsolete WAL segments of vector store '{store_name}': {error}"),
}
}
/// Whether the store's WAL holds segments which `compact_wal` would remove.
fn has_obsolete_wal_segments(store_path: &Path) -> bool {
wal_file_names(&store_path.join(WAL_DIRECTORY))
.is_ok_and(|file_names| !obsolete_wal_segments(&file_names).is_empty())
}
/// Removes the obsolete closed segments, oldest first, and returns their number and size. When a
/// removal fails, the segments left over are still contiguous, so Qdrant Edge can open the WAL.
fn remove_obsolete_wal_segments(wal_path: &Path) -> std::io::Result<(usize, u64)> {
let mut removed_segments = 0;
let mut removed_bytes = 0;
for file_name in obsolete_wal_segments(&wal_file_names(wal_path)?) {
let segment_path = wal_path.join(file_name);
let segment_size = fs::metadata(&segment_path)?.len();
fs::remove_file(&segment_path)?;
removed_segments += 1;
removed_bytes += segment_size;
}
Ok((removed_segments, removed_bytes))
}
fn wal_file_names(wal_path: &Path) -> std::io::Result<Vec<String>> {
if !wal_path.is_dir() {
return Ok(Vec::new());
}
// Every file counts: a closed segment missing from this list would leave a gap behind.
let mut file_names = Vec::new();
for entry in fs::read_dir(wal_path)? {
let entry = entry?;
if entry.file_type()?.is_file() && let Ok(file_name) = entry.file_name().into_string() {
file_names.push(file_name);
}
}
Ok(file_names)
}
/// The closed WAL segments which may go, oldest first. That is all of them except the newest:
/// Qdrant Edge numbers its operations from the first closed segment and would start again at zero
/// without one. The segments then ignore every later update of a point they already know.
fn obsolete_wal_segments(file_names: &[String]) -> Vec<String> {
let mut closed_segments = file_names
.iter()
.filter_map(|file_name| {
let start_index = file_name.strip_prefix(CLOSED_WAL_SEGMENT_PREFIX)?.parse::<u64>().ok()?;
Some((start_index, file_name.clone()))
})
.collect::<Vec<_>>();
closed_segments.sort_unstable_by_key(|(start_index, _)| *start_index);
closed_segments.pop();
closed_segments
.into_iter()
.map(|(_, file_name)| file_name)
.collect()
}
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fn validate_vector_size(vector_size: usize) -> QdrantEdgeResult<()> {
if vector_size == 0 {
return Err("Vector size must be greater than zero.".into());
}
Ok(())
}
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fn validate_data_source_name(data_source_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<()> {
const MAX_DATA_SOURCE_NAME_LENGTH: usize = 40;
if data_source_name.trim().is_empty() {
return Err("Data source name cannot be empty.".into());
}
if data_source_name.chars().count() > MAX_DATA_SOURCE_NAME_LENGTH {
return Err(format!("Data source name exceeds the maximum length of {MAX_DATA_SOURCE_NAME_LENGTH} characters.").into());
}
if data_source_name.chars().any(|c| c.is_control()) {
return Err("Data source name contains unsupported control characters.".into());
}
Ok(())
}
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fn vector_store_version() -> QdrantEdgeResult<String> {
let metadata = META_DATA
.lock()
.map_err(|_| "Metadata lock was poisoned.")?;
let Some(metadata) = metadata.as_ref() else {
return Err("Metadata was not initialized.".into());
};
Ok(metadata.vector_store_version.clone())
}
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fn to_qdrant_edge_point(point: QdrantEdgeStoragePoint) -> QdrantEdgeResult<qdrant_edge::PointStructPersisted> {
Ok(PointStruct::new(
to_point_id(&point.point_id)?,
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Vectors::new_named([(VECTOR_NAME, point.vector)]),
json!({
"data_source_id": point.data_source_id,
"data_source_type": point.data_source_type,
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"chunk_id": point.chunk_id,
"parent_file_id": point.parent_file_id,
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"file_path": point.file_path,
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"absolute_path": point.absolute_path,
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"file_name": point.file_name,
"relative_path": point.relative_path,
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"file_type": point.file_type,
"page_number": point.page_number,
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"chunk_index": point.chunk_index,
"text": point.text,
"fingerprint": point.fingerprint,
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"creation_utc": point.creation_utc,
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"last_write_utc": point.last_write_utc,
"embedded_at_utc": point.embedded_at_utc,
}),
)
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.into())
}
fn to_qdrant_edge_search_result(point: ScoredPoint) -> QdrantEdgeSearchResult {
let payload = point.payload.unwrap_or_default();
QdrantEdgeSearchResult {
point_id: point_id_to_string(point.id),
score: point.score,
data_source_id: payload_string(&payload, "data_source_id"),
data_source_type: payload_string(&payload, "data_source_type"),
chunk_id: payload_string(&payload, "chunk_id"),
parent_file_id: payload_string(&payload, "parent_file_id"),
file_path: payload_string(&payload, "file_path"),
absolute_path: payload_string(&payload, "absolute_path"),
file_name: payload_string(&payload, "file_name"),
relative_path: payload_string(&payload, "relative_path"),
file_type: payload_string(&payload, "file_type"),
page_number: payload_i32(&payload, "page_number"),
chunk_index: payload_i32(&payload, "chunk_index").unwrap_or_default(),
text: payload_string(&payload, "text"),
fingerprint: payload_string(&payload, "fingerprint"),
creation_utc: payload_string(&payload, "creation_utc"),
last_write_utc: payload_string(&payload, "last_write_utc"),
embedded_at_utc: payload_string(&payload, "embedded_at_utc"),
}
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}
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fn to_point_id(point_id: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<PointId> {
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Uuid::parse_str(point_id)
.map(PointId::Uuid)
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.map_err(|_| "Vector point ID must be a valid UUID.".into())
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}
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fn point_id_to_string(point_id: PointId) -> String {
match point_id {
PointId::NumId(id) => id.to_string(),
PointId::Uuid(uuid) => uuid.to_string(),
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}
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}
fn payload_string(payload: &Payload, key: &str) -> String {
payload
.0
.get(key)
.and_then(Value::as_str)
.unwrap_or_default()
.to_string()
}
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fn payload_i32(payload: &Payload, key: &str) -> Option<i32> {
payload
.0
.get(key)
.and_then(Value::as_i64)
.and_then(|value| i32::try_from(value).ok())
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}
fn match_keyword_filter(field_name: &str, value: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<Filter> {
Ok(Filter {
should: None,
min_should: None,
must: Some(vec![Condition::Field(FieldCondition::new_match(
field_name
.try_into()
.map_err(|_| format!("Invalid payload field name '{field_name}'."))?,
Match::Value(MatchValue {
value: ValueVariants::String(value.to_string()),
}),
))]),
must_not: None,
})
}
/// Restricts a search to the given points. Every id has to be a valid UUID, the same as when the
/// points were inserted, so a malformed id is an error rather than a point which is silently missed.
fn point_id_filter(point_ids: &[String]) -> QdrantEdgeResult<Filter> {
let has_id = point_ids
.iter()
.map(|point_id| to_point_id(point_id))
.collect::<QdrantEdgeResult<HasIdCondition>>()?;
Ok(Filter::new_must(Condition::HasId(has_id)))
}
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fn validate_store_name(store_name: &str) -> QdrantEdgeResult<()> {
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const MAX_STORE_NAME_LENGTH: usize = 128;
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if store_name.is_empty() {
return Err("Vector store name cannot be empty.".into());
}
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if store_name.len() > MAX_STORE_NAME_LENGTH {
return Err(format!("Vector store name exceeds the maximum length of {MAX_STORE_NAME_LENGTH} bytes.").into());
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}
if store_name
.chars()
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.all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '_' || c == '-')
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{
return Ok(());
}
Err(format!("Vector store name '{store_name}' contains unsupported characters.").into())
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use qdrant_edge::WalOptions;
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#[test]
fn validate_store_name_allows_safe_store_names() {
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assert!(validate_store_name("rag_1234-abcd").is_ok());
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}
#[test]
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fn validate_store_name_rejects_path_syntax() {
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assert!(validate_store_name(".").is_err());
assert!(validate_store_name("..").is_err());
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assert!(validate_store_name("../store").is_err());
assert!(validate_store_name("store\\name").is_err());
}
#[test]
fn validate_store_name_rejects_oversized_names() {
assert!(validate_store_name(&"a".repeat(129)).is_err());
}
#[test]
fn store_directory_name_contains_the_stable_data_source_id() {
assert_eq!(
store_directory_name("rag_6cc665a82b1e4d42bc748015b7b391ec"),
"store_6cc665a82b1e4d42bc748015b7b391ec"
);
}
#[test]
fn validate_data_source_name_allows_display_names_but_rejects_invalid_values() {
assert!(validate_data_source_name("Mäßig Confidence C#").is_ok());
assert!(validate_data_source_name(" ").is_err());
assert!(validate_data_source_name("invalid\nname").is_err());
assert!(validate_data_source_name(&"a".repeat(41)).is_err());
}
#[test]
fn ensure_store_reports_creation_and_updates_the_display_name() {
let test_directory = test_directory("ensure");
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let store_name = "rag_6cc665a82b1e4d42bc748015b7b391ec";
let mut database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(test_directory.clone());
let created = database.ensure_store_exists(store_name, "Original name", 3).unwrap();
assert!(created.created);
let existing = database.ensure_store_exists(store_name, "Renamed source", 3).unwrap();
assert!(!existing.created);
let display_name_path = database.store_path(store_name).unwrap().join(STORE_DISPLAY_NAME_MARKER);
assert_eq!(fs::read_to_string(display_name_path).unwrap(), "Renamed source");
drop(database);
fs::remove_dir_all(test_directory).unwrap();
}
#[test]
fn an_unreadable_store_is_reported_but_never_deleted() {
let test_directory = test_directory("unreadable");
let store_name = "rag_6cc665a82b1e4d42bc748015b7b391ec";
let mut database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(test_directory.clone());
assert!(database.ensure_store_exists(store_name, "Some source", 3).unwrap().created);
let store_path = database.store_path(store_name).unwrap();
// Release the shard before breaking it, so the files are not held open any more.
drop(database);
fs::write(store_path.join("edge_config.json"), "this is not a config").unwrap();
let mut database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(test_directory.clone());
let error = database.get_existing_store(store_name).unwrap_err();
assert!(
error.downcast_ref::<StoreUnreadableError>().is_some(),
"a store which cannot be opened has to be recognizable as such, not just a message"
);
// The whole point: the user's embeddings survive a defect until they ask for a rebuild.
assert!(store_path.join("segments").is_dir());
assert!(store_path.join(STORE_INITIALIZATION_MARKER).is_file());
// And the defect is logged once, not once per request.
assert!(database.report_unreadable_store(store_name));
assert!(!database.report_unreadable_store(store_name));
fs::remove_dir_all(test_directory).unwrap();
}
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#[test]
fn point_ids_must_be_valid_uuids() {
assert!(to_point_id("6cc665a8-2b1e-4d42-bc74-8015b7b391ec").is_ok());
assert!(to_point_id("deliberate-collision-input").is_err());
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}
#[test]
fn a_search_restricted_to_no_points_finds_nothing() {
let test_directory = test_directory("no-points");
let mut database = store_with_one_point_per_axis(&test_directory);
let found = database.search_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, search_vector(), 10, Some(vec![])).unwrap();
// An empty restriction comes from conditions which matched nothing. Searching the whole
// store instead would answer with exactly what those conditions ruled out.
assert!(found.is_empty());
drop(database);
fs::remove_dir_all(test_directory).unwrap();
}
#[test]
fn a_search_restricted_to_some_points_finds_only_those() {
let test_directory = test_directory("some-points");
let mut database = store_with_one_point_per_axis(&test_directory);
let unrestricted = database.search_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, search_vector(), 10, None).unwrap();
assert_eq!(found_point_ids(&unrestricted), vec![POINT_X, POINT_Y, POINT_Z]);
let restricted = database
.search_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, search_vector(), 10, Some(vec![POINT_Y.to_string(), POINT_Z.to_string()]))
.unwrap();
assert_eq!(
found_point_ids(&restricted),
vec![POINT_Y, POINT_Z],
"the closest point lies outside the restriction, so it must not be found"
);
drop(database);
fs::remove_dir_all(test_directory).unwrap();
}
#[test]
fn a_restriction_with_a_malformed_point_id_is_rejected() {
assert!(point_id_filter(&[POINT_X.to_string()]).is_ok());
assert!(
point_id_filter(&[POINT_X.to_string(), "not-a-point-id".to_string()]).is_err(),
"skipping the malformed id would quietly search fewer points than asked for"
);
}
#[test]
fn obsolete_wal_segments_keeps_the_newest_closed_segment() {
let file_names = ["closed-120", "open-7", "closed-0", "tmp-open-8", "closed-40", ".wal", "first-index", "closed-abc"].map(String::from);
// Sorted by number, not by name: as text, "closed-40" would come after "closed-120".
assert_eq!(obsolete_wal_segments(&file_names), vec!["closed-0", "closed-40"]);
assert!(obsolete_wal_segments(&["closed-0", "open-1"].map(String::from)).is_empty());
assert!(obsolete_wal_segments(&["open-1"].map(String::from)).is_empty());
}
#[test]
fn a_reloaded_store_drops_obsolete_wal_segments_and_keeps_its_points() {
let test_directory = test_directory("wal-reload");
let (database, point_ids) = store_with_several_closed_wal_segments(&test_directory);
let store_path = database.store_path(SEARCH_STORE).unwrap();
drop(database);
let mut database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(test_directory.clone());
let found = database.search_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, search_vector(), point_ids.len(), None).unwrap();
assert_eq!(closed_wal_segments(&store_path).len(), 1);
assert_eq!(
found_point_ids(&found).into_iter().collect::<HashSet<_>>(),
point_ids.iter().map(String::as_str).collect::<HashSet<_>>(),
"the points live in the segments, so removing WAL segments must not lose any of them"
);
drop(database);
fs::remove_dir_all(test_directory).unwrap();
}
#[test]
fn an_update_after_wal_compaction_replaces_the_existing_point() {
let test_directory = test_directory("wal-update");
let (database, point_ids) = store_with_several_closed_wal_segments(&test_directory);
drop(database);
// The newest point carries the highest operation number so far. Should the numbering start
// again after the compaction, the segment would ignore this update as outdated.
let newest_point_id = point_ids.last().unwrap();
let mut updated_point = test_point(newest_point_id, vec![0.0, 0.0, 1.0]);
updated_point.text = "Updated text.".to_string();
let mut database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(test_directory.clone());
database.insert_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, vec![updated_point]).unwrap();
let found = database
.search_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, search_vector(), 1, Some(vec![newest_point_id.clone()]))
.unwrap();
assert_eq!(found.len(), 1);
assert_eq!(found[0].text, "Updated text.");
drop(database);
fs::remove_dir_all(test_directory).unwrap();
}
#[test]
fn optimize_removes_obsolete_wal_segments_of_a_loaded_store() {
let test_directory = test_directory("wal-optimize");
let (mut database, point_ids) = store_with_several_closed_wal_segments(&test_directory);
let store_path = database.store_path(SEARCH_STORE).unwrap();
database.optimize_store(SEARCH_STORE).unwrap();
assert_eq!(closed_wal_segments(&store_path).len(), 1);
// The next request loads the store again, with all its points and still taking updates.
let newest_point_id = point_ids.last().unwrap();
let mut updated_point = test_point(newest_point_id, vec![0.0, 0.0, 1.0]);
updated_point.text = "Updated text.".to_string();
database.insert_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, vec![updated_point]).unwrap();
let found = database.search_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, search_vector(), point_ids.len(), None).unwrap();
assert_eq!(
found_point_ids(&found).into_iter().collect::<HashSet<_>>(),
point_ids.iter().map(String::as_str).collect::<HashSet<_>>()
);
let updated = found.iter().find(|result| &result.point_id == newest_point_id).unwrap();
assert_eq!(updated.text, "Updated text.");
drop(database);
fs::remove_dir_all(test_directory).unwrap();
}
const SEARCH_STORE: &str = "rag_6cc665a82b1e4d42bc748015b7b391ec";
const POINT_X: &str = "0b5f1e8a-3c2d-4e6f-9a1b-7c8d9e0f1a2b";
const POINT_Y: &str = "1c6a2f9b-4d3e-4f70-8b2c-8d9e0f1a2b3c";
const POINT_Z: &str = "2d7b3a0c-5e4f-4a81-9c3d-9e0f1a2b3c4d";
/// A directory of its own for one test, so tests running in parallel never share a store.
fn test_directory(label: &str) -> PathBuf {
std::env::temp_dir().join(format!(
"ai-studio-qdrant-{label}-{}-{}",
std::process::id(),
std::time::SystemTime::now()
.duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
.unwrap()
.as_nanos()
))
}
/// A store with one point on each axis.
fn store_with_one_point_per_axis(test_directory: &Path) -> QdrantEdgeDatabase {
let mut database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(test_directory.to_path_buf());
database.ensure_store_exists(SEARCH_STORE, "Some source", 3).unwrap();
database
.insert_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, vec![
test_point(POINT_X, vec![1.0, 0.0, 0.0]),
test_point(POINT_Y, vec![0.0, 1.0, 0.0]),
test_point(POINT_Z, vec![0.0, 0.0, 1.0]),
])
.unwrap();
database
}
/// A store with tiny WAL segments, filled one point at a time until the WAL has closed several
/// of them. Returns the database with the store still loaded, and the IDs in insertion order.
fn store_with_several_closed_wal_segments(test_directory: &Path) -> (QdrantEdgeDatabase, Vec<String>) {
const SMALL_WAL_SEGMENT_CAPACITY: usize = 8 * 1024;
const MAX_POINTS: usize = 1_000;
let mut database = QdrantEdgeDatabase::new(test_directory.to_path_buf());
let store_path = database.store_path(SEARCH_STORE).unwrap();
fs::create_dir_all(&store_path).unwrap();
// The production config, except for the WAL. Qdrant Edge keeps these options in the store,
// so they stay in effect whenever the store gets loaded again.
let config = EdgeConfig {
wal_options: Some(WalOptions {
segment_capacity: SMALL_WAL_SEGMENT_CAPACITY,
..WalOptions::default()
}),
..edge_config(3)
};
drop(EdgeShard::new(&store_path, config).unwrap());
write_store_initialization_marker(&store_path, SEARCH_STORE).unwrap();
let mut point_ids = Vec::new();
while closed_wal_segments(&store_path).len() < 3 {
assert!(point_ids.len() < MAX_POINTS, "the WAL never closed enough segments");
let point_id = Uuid::from_u128(point_ids.len() as u128 + 1).to_string();
database
.insert_embedding(SEARCH_STORE, vec![test_point(&point_id, vec![1.0, point_ids.len() as f32, 1.0])])
.unwrap();
point_ids.push(point_id);
}
(database, point_ids)
}
fn closed_wal_segments(store_path: &Path) -> Vec<String> {
fs::read_dir(store_path.join(WAL_DIRECTORY))
.unwrap()
.map(|entry| entry.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap())
.filter(|file_name| file_name.starts_with(CLOSED_WAL_SEGMENT_PREFIX))
.collect()
}
/// Closest to the point on the x axis, then the one on the y axis, then the one on the z axis.
fn search_vector() -> Vec<f32> {
vec![1.0, 0.5, 0.0]
}
fn found_point_ids(found: &[QdrantEdgeSearchResult]) -> Vec<&str> {
found.iter().map(|result| result.point_id.as_str()).collect()
}
fn test_point(point_id: &str, vector: Vec<f32>) -> QdrantEdgeStoragePoint {
QdrantEdgeStoragePoint {
point_id: point_id.to_string(),
vector,
data_source_id: "6cc665a8-2b1e-4d42-bc74-8015b7b391ec".to_string(),
data_source_type: "LOCAL_DIRECTORY".to_string(),
chunk_id: point_id.to_string(),
parent_file_id: String::new(),
file_path: "/tmp/test-data/notes.md".to_string(),
absolute_path: "/tmp/test-data/notes.md".to_string(),
file_name: "notes.md".to_string(),
relative_path: "notes.md".to_string(),
file_type: "md".to_string(),
page_number: None,
chunk_index: 0,
text: "Some text.".to_string(),
fingerprint: String::new(),
creation_utc: String::new(),
last_write_utc: String::new(),
embedded_at_utc: String::new(),
}
}
2026-06-02 17:22:59 +02:00
}